Análise do processo de internacionalização de uma empresa de construção civil no mercado de energias renováveis argentino

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro Tecnológico. Engenharia Civil.A internacionalização das empresas se mostrou uma alternativa viável e cada vez mais comum para as empresas que buscam os diversos benefícios da operação internacional, como diminuição dos riscos de operação, aumento de valor da marca, diferenciação frente a concorrentes internos e acesso a fatores de produção mais baratos. No segmento da construção civil, em especial no ramo de energias renováveis, a internacionalização das empresas brasileiras se mostrou ainda mais necessária devido ao recente panorama que o setor enfrenta no Brasil: a crise econômica a partir de 2014 e a escassez de obras de infraestrutura no ano de 2017. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como um estudo de caso do processo de internacionalização de uma empresa brasileira de construção civil. O objetivo principal foi analisar o processo de tomada de decisão para internacionalização dessa empresa, a qual pretendia ingressar no mercado de energias renováveis argentino. A análise foi feita de acordo com o modelo de tomada de decisão proposto por Bridi (2014), o qual aborda as diferentes etapas do processo. A pesquisa se dividiu em três etapas, englobando observações diárias, elaboração e análise de documentos e aplicação de questionários. Os resultados indicaram que a empresa passou pelas diversas etapas de tomada de decisão, corroborando o fluxograma de Bridi (2014). Identificou-se que o método escolhido pela empresa para ingresso no mercado argentino foi a abertura de uma filial no país e que as principais dificuldades e barreiras encontradas por ela no processo foram a dificuldade de precificação e custos com salários, impostos, aluguéis e envio de equipamentos do Brasil. Por fim, identificou-se que a escolha da Argentina pela empresa como novo país de operação se deu principalmente por benefícios disponibilizados pelo governo argentino, bom relacionamento com empresas parceiras que já atuavam no país ou tinham conhecimento do mercado local e pela proximidade da sede da empresa no Brasil com o país vizinho

A new hybrid method for Bayesian network learning With dependency constraints

A Bayes net has qualitative and quantitative aspects: The qualitative aspect is its graphical structure that corresponds to correlations among the variables in the Bayes net. The quantitative aspects are the net parameters. This paper develops a hybrid criterion for learning Bayes net structures that is based on both aspects. We combine model selection criteria measuring data fit with correlation information from statistical tests: Given a sample d, search for a structure G that maximizes score(G, d), over the set of structures G that satisfy the dependencies detected in d. We rely on the statistical test only to accept conditional dependencies, not conditional independencies. We show how to adapt local search algorithms to accommodate the observed dependencies. Simulation studies with GES search and the BDeu/BIC scores provide evidence that the additional dependency information leads to Bayes nets that better fit the target model in distribution and structure

Subprodutos Gerados na Produção de Bioetanol: Bagaço, Torta de Filtro, água de Lavagem e Palhagem¹

A produção de cana-de-açúcar no Brasil é objetivada para atender as necessidades e metas ligadas à produção de etanol do mercado interno e externo. Os principais subprodutos gerados na indústria alcooleira são: Palhagem/Palhiça: Proveniente da matéria-prima; Água de lavagem: Usada excessivamente para o processamento industrial da cana-de-açúcar, a fim de retirar excessos de terra e infecções da cultura; Bagaço: Resíduo gerado na etapa de extração do caldo de cana; Vinhaça e torta de filtro: Resíduos de alto potencial poluidor, provenientes da destilação (para recuperação do álcool) e clarificação do mosto (para fermentação). O presente trabalho apresenta soluções que irão diminuir o impacto ambiental e a produzir novos produtos a partir destes resíduos

BALANÇO ENERGÉTICO DE BIOCOMBUSTÍVEIS

A crescente preocupação da sociedade em minimizar o uso de combustíveis fósseis na tentativa de diminuir alterações climáticas e emissões de CO2 conduz ao maior interesse na produção de energias e combustíveis limpos, como biodiesel, bioetanol, biogás, biohidrogênio e biocombustíveis sólidos. Contudo, na obtenção de tais, ainda há a utilização de combustíveis fósseis e baseando-se nisto, o objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar a sustentabilidade de alguns sistemas bioenergéticos, por meio do balanço energético, responsável por analisar toda energia incrementada na obtenção do produto de interesse, desde o plantio da cultura, fertilização, colheita e processamento, até síntese do produto final e energia contida neste, investigando com base nisto a viabilidade de cada processo

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition)

In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. For example, a key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process versus those that measure fl ux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process including the amount and rate of cargo sequestered and degraded). In particular, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation must be differentiated from stimuli that increase autophagic activity, defi ned as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (inmost higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium ) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the fi eld understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. It is worth emphasizing here that lysosomal digestion is a stage of autophagy and evaluating its competence is a crucial part of the evaluation of autophagic flux, or complete autophagy. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. Along these lines, because of the potential for pleiotropic effects due to blocking autophagy through genetic manipulation it is imperative to delete or knock down more than one autophagy-related gene. In addition, some individual Atg proteins, or groups of proteins, are involved in other cellular pathways so not all Atg proteins can be used as a specific marker for an autophagic process. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field

A hybrid approach to learning Bayesian networks with dependency constraints

Bayesian networks present a useful tool for displaying correlations between several variables. This thesis presents a hybrid search strategy for structure learning in Bayesian networks whose structure is a directed acyclic graph. The general strategy performs a local search that meets the following criteria: 1. The Markov blankets in the model should be consistent with dependency information from statistical tests. 2. Minimizes the number of edges subject to the first constraint. 3. Maximizes a given score function subject to those constraints. The strategy is adapted and optimized for learning structures for both discrete and continuous networks. Both algorithms are discussed and tested empirically both on synthetically generated structures, and on real networks. We show that adding dependency constraints can improve the quality of the learned models. Furthermore, unlike purely structural strategies, our hybrid method is robust enough to output high quality models even when available data is sparse

Unsupervised online anomaly detection in Software Defined Network environments

[EN] Software Defined Networking (SDN) simplifies network management and significantly reduces operational costs. SDN removes the control plane from forwarding devices (e.g., routers and switches) and centralizes this plane in a controller, enabling the management of the network forwarding decisions by programming the control plane with a high-level language. However, its centralized architecture may be compromised by flooding attacks, such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) and portscan. Facing this challenge, we propose an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) based on online clustering to detect attacks in an evolving SDN network taking advantage of the entropy of source and destination IP addresses and ports. Our proposal is focused on avoiding the demand for labeling and previous knowledge to provide a practical and accurate method to address real-life online scenarios. Moreover, our proposal paves the way for a comprehensive analysis by projecting the cluster's structure over the feature space, providing insights on intensity, seasonality, and attack type. Our experiments were carried out with the DenStream algorithm in several databases attacked by DDoS and portscan with different intensities, durations, and overlapping patterns. When comparing DenStream performance to Half-Space-Trees, an accurate online one-class classification algorithm for anomaly detection, it was possible to expose the capacity of our unsupervised proposal, overcoming the one-class solution, and reaching f-measure rates above 99.60%.This work was supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) of Brazil under Grant of Projects 420562/2018-4, 310668/2019-0, and 309863/2020-1, and FundacAo Araucaria (Parana, Brazil) ; by the "Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad" in the "Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia, Sub-programa Estatal de Generación de Conocimiento" within the project under Grant TIN2017-84802-C2-1-P.Scaranti, GF.; Carvalho, LF.; Barbon Junior, S.; Lloret, J.; Proença Jr, ML. (2022). Unsupervised online anomaly detection in Software Defined Network environments. Expert Systems with Applications. 191:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2021.11622511319

Optimization of first generation alcoholic fermentation process with Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The influence of variables that affect the process of alcohol fermentation for the optimization of ethanol production is evaluated, with fermentation time, final substrate concentration, cells and ethanol as performance indexes. A statistical planning for process optimization was employed by analyzing three independent variables: temperature, pH and Brix and the influence they have on dependent variables. Brix and pH had a significant effect on fermentation time with a 77% rate by analysis of variance. In the case of concentration of substrate and product, only Brix had a significant effect, with regression above 75 and 87%, respectively. Since the two models are valid at 95% confidence interval since Fcalculated is greater than Ftabulated, they may be employed to estimate fermentation time and the concentration of substrate and ethanol.